Measuring instruments are tools used to quantify physical properties accurately. From rulers to sophisticated electronic devices, understanding different measuring instruments is vital for precise measurements in various fields. These multiple-choice questions will test your familiarity with common measuring instruments.

1. Which instrument is used to measure length up to one meter?
   A) Vernier callipers
   B) Measuring tape
   C) Screw gauge
   D) Stopwatch
   Correct Option: B
   Explanation: The measuring tape is suitable for measuring lengths up to one meter due to its flexibility and ease of use.
2. What is the main function of a vernier calliper?
   A) To measure time intervals
   B) To measure mass
   C) To measure small lengths accurately
   D) To measure volume
   Correct Option: C
   Explanation: Vernier callipers are designed to measure small lengths with high accuracy, typically up to 0.1 mm.
3. How does a screw gauge measure length?
   A) By comparing with a reference object
   B) By counting the number of threads
   C) By using a vernier scale
   D) By rotating a screw against a scale
   Correct Option: D
   Explanation: A screw gauge measures length by rotating a calibrated screw against a scale and noting the number of rotations and the fraction of a rotation.
4. What is zero error in a measuring instrument?
   A) Error due to human perception
   B) Error when the instrument reads zero even when it should not
   C) Error caused by external factors
   D) Error due to instrument calibration
   Correct Option: B
   Explanation: Zero error occurs when the measuring instrument indicates a value when it should ideally read zero.
5. How is the volume of an irregular shaped solid measured?
   A) Using a ruler
   B) Using a measuring cylinder
   C) Using a vernier calliper
   D) Using a screw gauge
   Correct Option: B
   Explanation: Measuring cylinder is used to measure the volume of irregular shaped solids by water displacement method.
6. Which instrument is used to measure mass accurately?
   A) Vernier callipers
   B) Measuring tape
   C) Physical balance
   D) Stopwatch
   Correct Option: C
   Explanation: Physical balance is used to measure mass accurately by comparing the unknown mass with known masses.
7. What is the main principle behind a lever balance?
   A) Archimedes principle
   B) Law of inertia
   C) Law of moments
   D) Ohm’s law
   Correct Option: C
   Explanation: Lever balance works on the principle of the law of moments where the product of the force and the distance from the fulcrum is balanced.
8. Which instrument is most suitable for measuring small lengths with high precision?
   A) Measuring tape
   B) Vernier callipers
   C) Screw gauge
   D) Stopwatch
   Correct Option: C
   Explanation: Screw gauge provides high precision measurements for small lengths due to its fine screw thread and precise scale.
9. What does zero correction refer to in a measuring instrument?
   A) Adjusting the instrument to read zero accurately
   B) Correcting for systematic errors
   C) Compensating for random errors
   D) Calibrating the instrument
   Correct Option: A
   Explanation: Zero correction involves adjusting the instrument so that it reads zero when there is no input quantity to measure.
10. How is a stopwatch used to measure time intervals?
    A) By counting the number of rotations
    B) By observing the position of the hands
    C) By pressing the start and stop buttons
    D) By measuring the distance traveled
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Stopwatches are operated by pressing the start button to begin timing and the stop button to end timing, providing accurate time intervals.
11. What is the purpose of a measuring cylinder?
    A) To measure mass
    B) To measure volume
    C) To measure temperature
    D) To measure length
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Measuring cylinders are specifically designed to measure the volume of liquids accurately.
12. How does a vernier calliper achieve high precision measurements?
    A) By using a magnifying glass
    B) By incorporating a secondary scale
    C) By utilizing a digital display
    D) By increasing the length of the instrument
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Vernier callipers employ a secondary scale (vernier scale) to provide precise measurements beyond the main scale divisions.
13. Which measuring instrument is used to measure the thickness of a coin?
    A) Screw gauge
    B) Vernier callipers
    C) Measuring tape
    D) Stopwatch
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Screw gauge is capable of measuring very small lengths, making it suitable for measuring the thickness of objects like coins.
14. What is the fundamental principle behind the operation of a screw gauge?
    A) Newton’s first law of motion
    B) Archimedes principle
    C) Hooke’s law
    D) Principle of moments
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation: The screw gauge operates on the principle of moments, balancing the torque applied by the screw against a calibrated scale.
15. Which instrument is best suited for measuring the mass of an object in grams?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Physical balance
    D) Lever balance
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Physical balance provides accurate measurements of mass, typically in grams or kilograms.
16. In a physical balance, what is used as the standard for comparison?
    A) The object being measured
    B) A calibrated weight
    C) The lever arm
    D) The fulcrum
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: A calibrated weight is used as the standard for comparison in a physical balance to determine the mass of an object.
17. How does an electronic balance measure mass?
    A) By counting the number of atoms
    B) By comparing against a reference voltage
    C) By utilizing electromagnetic force
    D) By measuring the displacement of a spring
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation: Electronic balances measure mass by sensing the displacement of a spring caused by the gravitational force acting on the object.
18. Which instrument is used to measure time intervals accurately in experiments?
    A) Stopwatch
    B) Vernier callipers
    C) Measuring cylinder
    D) Screw gauge
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Stopwatches are specifically designed to measure time intervals with high accuracy, making them ideal for experiments.
19. How does a lever balance determine the mass of an object?
    A) By comparing the length of the lever arms
    B) By measuring the force applied to the lever
    C) By observing the deflection of a beam
    D) By counting the number of lever rotations
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Lever balance compares the torque produced by the unknown mass with a known mass by adjusting the lengths of the lever arms.
20. Which instrument is used to measure the internal diameter of a tube?
    A) Screw gauge
    B) Vernier callipers
    C) Measuring tape
    D) Stopwatch
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Vernier callipers can be used to measure the internal diameter of a tube by adjusting the jaws to fit inside the tube.
21. What is the function of a zero error in a vernier calliper?
    A) To ensure accurate measurements
    B) To calibrate the instrument
    C) To indicate when the measurement is zero
    D) To minimize systematic errors
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation: Zero error in a vernier calliper must be accounted for to ensure accurate measurements by minimizing systematic errors.
22. How is the accuracy of a measuring instrument determined?
    A) By its size
    B) By its precision
    C) By its weight
    D) By its color
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: The precision of a measuring instrument refers to its ability to provide consistent and reproducible measurements, determining its accuracy.
23. Which instrument is used to measure the volume of a liquid?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Measuring cylinder
    D) Screw gauge
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Measuring cylinder is specifically designed to measure the volume of liquids accurately.
24. What is the primary advantage of using an electronic balance over a physical balance?
    A) Higher precision
    B) Lower cost
    C) No calibration required
    D) Simplicity of use
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Electronic balances offer higher precision compared to physical balances, making them suitable for precise measurements.
25. How does a stopwatch measure time intervals?
    A) By counting oscillations
    B) By analyzing light pulses
    C) By monitoring electronic signals
    D) By measuring elapsed time
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation: Stopwatches measure time intervals by counting the elapsed time from the start to the stop event.
26. What is the primary advantage of using a physical balance over an electronic balance?
    A) Higher precision
    B) Lower cost
    C) Faster measurements
    D) Ease of calibration
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Physical balances are generally more economical compared to electronic balances, making them more accessible for basic measurements.
27. Which instrument is used to measure the thickness of a sheet of paper?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Screw gauge
    D) Stopwatch
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Vernier callipers can measure small thicknesses accurately, making them suitable for measuring the thickness of paper.
28. How is the volume of an irregular shaped solid determined using a measuring cylinder?
    A) By direct measurement
    B) By water displacement
    C) By using a formula
    D) By counting the number of droplets
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Measuring cylinder measures the volume of irregular shaped solids by displacing the water level when the solid is submerged.
29. What is the function of a vernier scale in a vernier calliper?
    A) To magnify the reading
    B) To improve accuracy
    C) To measure temperature
    D) To convert units
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Vernier scale in a vernier calliper enhances the accuracy of measurements by providing finer divisions than the main scale.
30. Which instrument is used to measure the time taken by an object to fall freely?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Stopwatch
    D) Screw gauge
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Stopwatch is used to measure time intervals, including the time taken by an object to fall freely under gravity.
31. How does a lever balance achieve balance between masses?
    A) By adjusting the fulcrum position
    B) By changing the lever material
    C) By comparing lever lengths
    D) By adding or removing weights
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation: Lever balance achieves balance by adding or removing weights until the lever remains horizontal, indicating equilibrium.
32. What is the zero error of a measuring instrument?
    A) Error due to incorrect use
    B) Error when the instrument reads zero without any input
    C) Error caused by external factors
    D) Error due to lack of calibration
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Zero error occurs when the instrument indicates a nonzero value when it should ideally read zero.
33. How is the volume of a liquid accurately measured using a measuring cylinder?
    A) By pouring directly into the cylinder
    B) By using a syringe
    C) By reading the meniscus level
    D) By measuring the height of the cylinder
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Measuring cylinder readings are taken by observing the meniscus level of the liquid, which ensures accurate volume measurements.
34. Which instrument is used to measure the diameter of a spherical object?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Screw gauge
    D) Stopwatch
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Vernier callipers can measure the diameter of a spherical object by adjusting the jaws to fit around the object.
35. What is the purpose of a zero correction in a screw gauge?
    A) To adjust the zero mark
    B) To minimize systematic errors
    C) To account for random errors
    D) To improve accuracy
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Zero correction in a screw gauge involves adjusting the zero mark to ensure accurate measurements.
36. Which instrument is used to measure the mass of an object in kilograms?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Physical balance
    D) Lever balance
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Physical balance is commonly used to measure the mass of an object in kilograms.
37. What is the primary advantage of using a lever balance over a physical balance?
    A) Higher precision
    B) Lower cost
    C) Faster measurements
    D) Ease of use
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Lever balances are typically less expensive compared to physical balances, making them more accessible for basic measurements.
38. How is the volume of a liquid accurately measured using a measuring cylinder?
    A) By pouring directly into the cylinder
    B) By using a syringe
    C) By reading the meniscus level
    D) By measuring the height of the cylinder
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Measuring cylinder readings are taken by observing the meniscus level of the liquid, which ensures accurate volume measurements.
39. Which instrument is used to measure the diameter of a spherical object?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Screw gauge
    D) Stopwatch
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Vernier callipers can measure the diameter of a spherical object by adjusting the jaws to fit around the object.
40. What is the purpose of a zero correction in a screw gauge?
    A) To adjust the zero mark
    B) To minimize systematic errors
    C) To account for random errors
    D) To improve accuracy
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Zero correction in a screw gauge involves adjusting the zero mark to ensure accurate measurements.
41. Which instrument is used to measure the mass of an object in kilograms?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Physical balance
    D) Lever balance
    Correct Option: C Explanation: Physical balance is commonly used to measure the mass of an object in kilograms.
42. What is the primary advantage of using a lever balance over a physical balance?
    A) Higher precision
    B) Lower cost
    C) Faster measurements
    D) Ease of use
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Lever balances are typically less expensive compared to physical balances, making them more accessible for basic measurements.
43. How does a screw gauge measure length?
    A) By comparing with a reference object
    B) By counting the number of threads
    C) By using a vernier scale
    D) By rotating a screw against a scale
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation: A screw gauge measures length by rotating a calibrated screw against a scale and noting the number of rotations and the fraction of a rotation.
44. What is zero error in a measuring instrument?
    A) Error due to human perception
    B) Error when the instrument reads zero even when it should not
    C) Error caused by external factors
    D) Error due to instrument calibration
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Zero error occurs when the measuring instrument indicates a value when it should ideally read zero.
45. How is the volume of an irregular shaped solid measured?
    A) Using a ruler
    B) Using a measuring cylinder
    C) Using a vernier calliper
    D) Using a screw gauge
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Measuring cylinder is used to measure the volume of irregular shaped solids by water displacement method.
46. Which instrument is used to measure mass accurately?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Physical balance
    D) Stopwatch
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Physical balance is used to measure mass accurately by comparing the unknown mass with known masses.
47. What is the main principle behind a lever balance?
    A) Archimedes principle
    B) Law of inertia
    C) Law of moments
    D) Ohm’s law
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Lever balance works on the principle of the law of moments where the product of the force and the distance from the fulcrum is balanced.
48. Which instrument is most suitable for measuring small lengths with high precision?
    A) Measuring tape
    B) Vernier callipers
    C) Screw gauge
    D) Stopwatch
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Screw gauge provides high precision measurements for small lengths due to its fine screw thread and precise scale.
49. What does zero correction refer to in a measuring instrument?
    A) Adjusting the instrument to read zero accurately
    B) Correcting for systematic errors
    C) Compensating for random errors
    D) Calibrating the instrument
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Zero correction involves adjusting the instrument so that it reads zero when there is no input quantity to measure.
50. How is a stopwatch used to measure time intervals?
    A) By counting the number of rotations
    B) By observing the position of the hands
    C) By pressing the start and stop buttons
    D) By measuring the distance traveled
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Stopwatches are operated by pressing the start button to begin timing and the stop button to end timing, providing accurate time intervals.
51. What is the purpose of a measuring cylinder?
    A) To measure mass
    B) To measure volume
    C) To measure temperature
    D) To measure length
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Measuring cylinders are specifically designed to measure the volume of liquids accurately.
52. How does a vernier calliper achieve high precision measurements?
    A) By using a magnifying glass
    B) By incorporating a secondary scale
    C) By utilizing a digital display
    D) By increasing the length of the instrument
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Vernier callipers employ a secondary scale (vernier scale) to provide precise measurements beyond the main scale divisions.
53. Which measuring instrument is used to measure the thickness of a coin?
    A) Screw gauge
    B) Vernier callipers
    C) Measuring tape
    D) Stopwatch
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Screw gauge is capable of measuring very small lengths, making it suitable for measuring the thickness of objects like coins.
54. What is the fundamental principle behind the operation of a screw gauge?
    A) Newton’s first law of motion
    B) Archimedes principle
    C) Hooke’s law
    D) Principle of moments
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation: The screw gauge operates on the principle of moments, balancing the torque applied by the screw against a calibrated scale.
55. Which instrument is best suited for measuring the mass of an object in grams?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Physical balance
    D) Lever balance
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Physical balance provides accurate measurements of mass, typically in grams or kilograms.
56. In a physical balance, what is used as the standard for comparison?
    A) The object being measured
    B) A calibrated weight
    C) The lever arm
    D) The fulcrum
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: A calibrated weight is used as the standard for comparison in a physical balance to determine the mass of an object.
57. How does an electronic balance measure mass?
    A) By counting the number of atoms
    B) By comparing against a reference voltage
    C) By utilizing electromagnetic force
    D) By measuring the displacement of a spring
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation: Electronic balances measure mass by sensing the displacement of a spring caused by the gravitational force acting on the object.
58. Which instrument is used to measure time intervals accurately in experiments?
    A) Stopwatch
    B) Vernier callipers
    C) Measuring cylinder
    D) Screw gauge
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Stopwatches are specifically designed to measure time intervals with high accuracy, making them ideal for experiments.
59. How does a lever balance determine the mass of an object?
    A) By comparing the length of the lever arms
    B) By measuring the force applied to the lever
    C) By observing the deflection of a beam
    D) By counting the number of lever rotations
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Lever balance compares the torque produced by the unknown mass with a known mass by adjusting the lengths of the lever arms.
60. Which instrument is used to measure the internal diameter of a tube?
    A) Screw gauge
    B) Vernier callipers
    C) Measuring tape
    D) Stopwatch
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Vernier callipers can be used to measure the internal diameter of a tube by adjusting the jaws to fit inside the tube.
61. What is the function of a zero error in a vernier calliper?
    A) To ensure accurate measurements
    B) To calibrate the instrument
    C) To indicate when the measurement is zero
    D) To minimize systematic errors
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation: Zero error in a vernier calliper must be accounted for to ensure accurate measurements by minimizing systematic errors.
62. How is the accuracy of a measuring instrument determined?
    A) By its size
    B) By its precision
    C) By its weight
    D) By its color
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: The precision of a measuring instrument refers to its ability to provide consistent and reproducible measurements, determining its accuracy.
63. Which instrument is used to measure the volume of a liquid?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Measuring cylinder
    D) Screw gauge
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Measuring cylinder is specifically designed to measure the volume of liquids accurately.
64. What is the primary advantage of using an electronic balance over a physical balance?
    A) Higher precision
    B) Lower cost
    C) No calibration required
    D) Simplicity of use
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Electronic balances offer higher precision compared to physical balances, making them suitable for precise measurements.
65. How does a stopwatch measure time intervals?
    A) By counting oscillations
    B) By analyzing light pulses
    C) By monitoring electronic signals
    D) By measuring elapsed time
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation: Stopwatches measure time intervals by counting the elapsed time from the start to the stop event.
66. What is the primary advantage of using a physical balance over an electronic balance?
    A) Higher precision
    B) Lower cost
    C) Faster measurements
    D) Ease of calibration
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Physical balances are generally more economical compared to electronic balances, making them more accessible for basic measurements.
67. Which instrument is used to measure the thickness of a sheet of paper?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Screw gauge
    D) Stopwatch
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Vernier callipers can measure small thicknesses accurately, making them suitable for measuring the thickness of paper.
68. How is the volume of an irregular shaped solid determined using a measuring cylinder?
    A) By direct measurement
    B) By water displacement
    C) By using a formula
    D) By counting the number of droplets
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Measuring cylinder measures the volume of irregular shaped solids by displacing the water level when the solid is submerged.
69. What is the function of a vernier scale in a vernier calliper?
    A) To magnify the reading
    B) To improve accuracy
    C) To measure temperature
    D) To convert units
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Vernier scale in a vernier calliper enhances the accuracy of measurements by providing finer divisions than the main scale.
70. Which instrument is used to measure the time taken by an object to fall freely?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Stopwatch
    D) Screw gauge
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Stopwatch is used to measure time intervals, including the time taken by an object to fall freely under gravity.
71. How does a lever balance achieve balance between masses?
    A) By adjusting the fulcrum position
    B) By changing the lever material
    C) By comparing lever lengths
    D) By adding or removing weights
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation: Lever balance achieves balance by adding or removing weights until the lever remains horizontal, indicating equilibrium.
72. What is the zero error of a measuring instrument?
    A) Error due to incorrect use
    B) Error when the instrument reads zero without any input
    C) Error caused by external factors
    D) Error due to lack of calibration
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Zero error occurs when the instrument indicates a nonzero value when it should ideally read zero.
73. How is the volume of a liquid accurately measured using a measuring cylinder?
    A) By pouring directly into the cylinder
    B) By using a syringe
    C) By reading the meniscus level
    D) By measuring the height of the cylinder
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Measuring cylinder readings are taken by observing the meniscus level of the liquid, which ensures accurate volume measurements.
74. Which instrument is used to measure the diameter of a spherical object?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Screw gauge
    D) Stopwatch
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Vernier callipers can measure the diameter of a spherical object by adjusting the jaws to fit around the object.
75. What is the purpose of a zero correction in a screw gauge?
    A) To adjust the zero mark
    B) To minimize systematic errors
    C) To account for random errors
    D) To improve accuracy
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Zero correction in a screw gauge involves adjusting the zero mark to ensure accurate measurements.
76. Which instrument is used to measure the mass of an object in kilograms?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Physical balance
    D) Lever balance
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Physical balance is commonly used to measure the mass of an object in kilograms.
77. What is the primary advantage of using a lever balance over a physical balance?
    A) Higher precision
    B) Lower cost
    C) Faster measurements
    D) Ease of use
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Lever balances are typically less expensive compared to physical balances, making them more accessible for basic measurements.
78. How does a screw gauge measure length?
    A) By comparing with a reference object
    B) By counting the number of threads
    C) By using a vernier scale
    D) By rotating a screw against a scale
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation: A screw gauge measures length by rotating a calibrated screw against a scale and noting the number of rotations and the fraction of a rotation.
79. What is zero error in a measuring instrument?
    A) Error due to human perception
    B) Error when the instrument reads zero even when it should not
    C) Error caused by external factors
    D) Error due to instrument calibration
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Zero error occurs when the measuring instrument indicates a value when it should ideally read zero.
80. How is the volume of an irregular shaped solid measured?
    A) Using a ruler
    B) Using a measuring cylinder
    C) Using a vernier calliper
    D) Using a screw gauge
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Measuring cylinder is used to measure the volume of irregular shaped solids by water displacement method.
81. Which instrument is used to measure mass accurately?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Physical balance
    D) Stopwatch
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Physical balance is used to measure mass accurately by comparing the unknown mass with known masses.
82. What is the main principle behind a lever balance?
    A) Archimedes principle
    B) Law of inertia
    C) Law of moments
    D) Ohm’s law
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Lever balance works on the principle of the law of moments where the product of the force and the distance from the fulcrum is balanced.
83. Which instrument is most suitable for measuring small lengths with high precision?
    A) Measuring tape
    B) Vernier callipers
    C) Screw gauge
    D) Stopwatch
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Screw gauge provides high precision measurements for small lengths due to its fine screw thread and precise scale.
84. What does zero correction refer to in a measuring instrument?
    A) Adjusting the instrument to read zero accurately
    B) Correcting for systematic errors
    C) Compensating for random errors
    D) Calibrating the instrument
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Zero correction involves adjusting the instrument so that it reads zero when there is no input quantity to measure.
85. How is a stopwatch used to measure time intervals?
    A) By counting the number of rotations
    B) By observing the position of the hands
    C) By pressing the start and stop buttons
    D) By measuring the distance traveled
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Stopwatches are operated by pressing the start button to begin timing and the stop button to end timing, providing accurate time intervals.
86. What is the purpose of a measuring cylinder?
    A) To measure mass
    B) To measure volume
    C) To measure temperature
    D) To measure length
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Measuring cylinders are specifically designed to measure the volume of liquids accurately.
87. How does a vernier calliper achieve high precision measurements?
    A) By using a magnifying glass
    B) By incorporating a secondary scale
    C) By utilizing a digital display
    D) By increasing the length of the instrument
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Vernier callipers employ a secondary scale (vernier scale) to provide precise measurements beyond the main scale divisions.
88. Which measuring instrument is used to measure the thickness of a coin?
    A) Screw gauge
    B) Vernier callipers
    C) Measuring tape
    D) Stopwatch
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Screw gauge is capable of measuring very small lengths, making it suitable for measuring the thickness of objects like coins.
89. What is the fundamental principle behind the operation of a screw gauge?
    A) Newton’s first law of motion
    B) Archimedes principle
    C) Hooke’s law
    D) Principle of moments
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation: The screw gauge operates on the principle of moments, balancing the torque applied by the screw against a calibrated scale.
90. Which instrument is best suited for measuring the mass of an object in grams?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Physical balance
    D) Lever balance
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Physical balance provides accurate measurements of mass, typically in grams or kilograms.
91. In a physical balance, what is used as the standard for comparison?
    A) The object being measured
    B) A calibrated weight
    C) The lever arm
    D) The fulcrum
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: A calibrated weight is used as the standard for comparison in a physical balance to determine the mass of an object.
92. How does an electronic balance measure mass?
    A) By counting the number of atoms
    B) By comparing against a reference voltage
    C) By utilizing electromagnetic force
    D) By measuring the displacement of a spring
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation: Electronic balances measure mass by sensing the displacement of a spring caused by the gravitational force acting on the object.
93. Which instrument is used to measure time intervals accurately in experiments?
    A) Stopwatch
    B) Vernier callipers
    C) Measuring cylinder
    D) Screw gauge
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Stopwatches are specifically designed to measure time intervals with high accuracy, making them ideal for experiments.
94. How does a lever balance determine the mass of an object?
    A) By comparing the length of the lever arms
    B) By measuring the force applied to the lever
    C) By observing the deflection of a beam
    D) By counting the number of lever rotations
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Lever balance compares the torque produced by the unknown mass with a known mass by adjusting the lengths of the lever arms.
95. Which instrument is used to measure the internal diameter of a tube?
    A) Screw gauge
    B) Vernier callipers
    C) Measuring tape
    D) Stopwatch
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: Vernier callipers can be used to measure the internal diameter of a tube by adjusting the jaws to fit inside the tube.
96. What is the function of a zero error in a vernier calliper?
    A) To ensure accurate measurements
    B) To calibrate the instrument
    C) To indicate when the measurement is zero
    D) To minimize systematic errors
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation: Zero error in a vernier calliper must be accounted for to ensure accurate measurements by minimizing systematic errors.
97. How is the accuracy of a measuring instrument determined?
    A) By its size
    B) By its precision
    C) By its weight
    D) By its color
    Correct Option: B
    Explanation: The precision of a measuring instrument refers to its ability to provide consistent and reproducible measurements, determining its accuracy.
98. Which instrument is used to measure the volume of a liquid?
    A) Vernier callipers
    B) Measuring tape
    C) Measuring cylinder
    D) Screw gauge
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation: Measuring cylinder is specifically designed to measure the volume of liquids accurately.
99. What is the primary advantage of using an electronic balance over a physical balance?
    A) Higher precision
    B) Lower cost
    C) No calibration required
    D) Simplicity of use
    Correct Option: A
    Explanation: Electronic balances offer higher precision compared to physical balances, making them suitable for precise measurements.
100. How does a stopwatch measure time intervals?
     A) By counting oscillations
     B) By analyzing light pulses
     C) By monitoring electronic signals
     D) By measuring elapsed time
     Correct Option: D
     Explanation: Stopwatches measure time intervals by counting the elapsed time from the start to the stop event.
101. What is the primary advantage of using a physical balance over an electronic balance?
     A) Higher precision
     B) Lower cost
     C) Faster measurements
     D) Ease of calibration
     Correct Option: B
     Explanation: Physical balances are generally more economical compared to electronic balances, making them more accessible for basic measurements.
102. Which instrument is used to measure the thickness of a sheet of paper?
     A) Vernier callipers
     B) Measuring tape
     C) Screw gauge
     D) Stopwatch
     Correct Option: A
     Explanation: Vernier callipers can measure small thicknesses accurately, making them suitable for measuring the thickness of paper.
103. How is the volume of an irregular shaped solid determined using a measuring cylinder?
     A) By direct measurement
     B) By water displacement
     C) By using a formula
     D) By counting the number of droplets
     Correct Option: B
     Explanation: Measuring cylinder measures the volume of irregular shaped solids by displacing the water level when the solid is submerged.
104. What is the function of a vernier scale in a vernier calliper?
     A) To magnify the reading
     B) To improve accuracy
     C) To measure temperature
     D) To convert units
     Correct Option: B
     Explanation: Vernier scale in a vernier calliper enhances the accuracy of measurements by providing finer divisions than the main scale.
105. Which instrument is used to measure the time taken by an object to fall freely?
     A) Vernier callipers
     B) Measuring tape
     C) Stopwatch
     D) Screw gauge
     Correct Option: C
     Explanation: Stopwatch is used to measure time intervals, including the time taken by an object to fall freely under gravity.
106. How does a lever balance achieve balance between masses?
     A) By adjusting the fulcrum position
     B) By changing the lever material
     C) By comparing lever lengths
     D) By adding or removing weights
     Correct Option: D
     Explanation: Lever balance achieves balance by adding or removing weights until the lever remains horizontal, indicating equilibrium.
107. What is the zero error of a measuring instrument?
     A) Error due to incorrect use
     B) Error when the instrument reads zero without any input
     C) Error caused by external factors
     D) Error due to lack of calibration
     Correct Option: B
     Explanation: Zero error occurs when the instrument indicates a nonzero value when it should ideally read zero.
108. How is the volume of a liquid accurately measured using a measuring cylinder?
     A) By pouring directly into the cylinder
     B) By using a syringe
     C) By reading the meniscus level
     D) By measuring the height of the cylinder
     Correct Option: C
     Explanation: Measuring cylinder readings are taken by observing the meniscus level of the liquid, which ensures accurate volume measurements.
109. Which instrument is used to measure the diameter of a spherical object?
     A) Vernier callipers
     B) Measuring tape
     C) Screw gauge
     D) Stopwatch
     Correct Option: A
     Explanation: Vernier callipers can measure the diameter of a spherical object by adjusting the jaws to fit around the object.
110. What is the purpose of a zero correction in a screw gauge?
     A) To adjust the zero mark
     B) To minimize systematic errors
     C) To account for random errors
     D) To improve accuracy
     Correct Option: A
     Explanation: Zero correction in a screw gauge involves adjusting the zero mark to ensure accurate measurements.

Chapter 1 Physical Quantities Topic-wise MCQs

Topic
Based Quantities & Derived Quantities MCQs
International System of Units MCQs
Prefixes MCQs
Scientific Notation MCQs
Significant Figures MCQs